Trailers do encounter some common issues during use, particularly in driving and maintenance. Below is a comprehensive summary categorized into several main sections:

I. Driving and Handling Issues

These are the most frequent problems encountered by novice and inexperienced drivers.

1. “Swaying” or “Snaking”**

  Symptoms: The rear of the trailer begins to sway side-to-side, potentially causing the towing vehicle to lose control as well.

  Causes:

         Excessive speed, especially on downhill slopes or in crosswinds.

         Improper trailer loading (uneven weight distribution, particularly rear overload).

         Abrupt lane changes or sharp turns.

         Underinflated or worn tires.

 Response: Never slam on the brakes! Ease off the accelerator, steady the steering wheel, and manually apply the trailer brake controller with light, intermittent taps (brake only the trailer) to gradually stabilize it.

2. Difficulty Reversing

   Symptom: Completely reversed sense of direction, leading to chaotic reversing.

   Technique: Place hands on the **bottom** of the steering wheel. Turn the wheel in the direction you want the trailer to move. Requires extensive practice.

   Recommendation: Use trailer assist systems (e.g., cameras, guidance lines) or have someone outside the vehicle direct you.

3. Underestimating Turning Radius

   Symptom: Trailer inner wheels scrape curbs or front end brushes adjacent vehicles during turns.

   Note: Allow extra space for turning—ensure sufficient path for the trailer's swing radius.

4.  Extensive Blind Spots

   Symptom: Rearview mirrors are completely blocked by the trailer, creating large blind spots on the sides and rear.

   Solutions:

       Install extended rearview mirrors.

       Install a blind spot monitoring system.

       Develop the habit of turning your head to look; never rely solely on mirrors.

II. Mechanical and Connection Issues

1. Connector Malfunction

   Symptom: Poor contact in electrical connectors (7-pin or 13-pin) causing tail lights, brake lights, or turn signals to fail.

   Prevention: Before each connection, inspect connectors for cleanliness, dryness, and secure fit. Apply dielectric grease for protection.

2.  Hitch/Ball Issues

   Insecure Locking: Incomplete locking may cause the trailer to detach during travel.

   Weight Mismatch: Trailer ball size incompatible with the trailer coupler (e.g., 50mm ball paired with a 2-inch coupler).

   Forgetting Safety Chains: Safety chains are the final defense against complete trailer detachment. They must be cross-hung.

3.  Tire Issues

   Incorrect Pressure: Trailer tires typically require higher pressure than passenger car tires. Underinflation significantly increases the risk of blowouts and tail swings.

   Aged Tires: Low usage frequency can cause tires to age, crack, and lose strength during prolonged storage.

   Insufficient Load Rating: Using non-“ST” (Service) trailer-specific tires.

4.  Brake Issues

  Improper electric brake controller settings: Excessive gain causes abrupt trailer braking that jerks the tow vehicle; insufficient gain increases stopping distance.

   Brake pad wear: Requires regular inspection.

III. Loading and Weight Distribution Issues

This is the core of safety, as loading errors are the root cause of many accidents.

1. Uneven Weight Distribution

   Ideal Condition: 60% of the trailer's total weight should be positioned in front of the trailer axle.

   Consequences:

       Rear Overweight: Causes the tow vehicle's front end to lift, reducing front-wheel traction and leading to steering loss, making “tail swing” highly likely.

       Front Overload: Excessively compresses the tractor's rear suspension, impairing handling and braking.

   Tool: Use a dedicated scale or weight distribution hitch to ensure proper counterweighting.

2. Overweight

   Includes: Total weight of trailer itself, cargo, water tanks, etc., must not exceed the trailer's gross weight rating.

   Towing capacity of the tow vehicle: Ensure the tow vehicle's **maximum towing capacity** exceeds the trailer's gross weight.

   Consequences: Causes brake failure, transmission overheating, engine damage, and structural fatigue of the vehicle.

IV. Daily Use and Maintenance Issues

1.  Bearing Maintenance

      Trailer axle bearings require regular cleaning and lubrication (maintenance). Failure to do so may cause them to “seize” due to high temperatures, leading to severe accidents.

2.  Parking and Storage

      For long-term parking, use landing legs to support the trailer, reducing stress on tires and suspension systems.

      Ensure protection against moisture and rust.

Summary and Safety Recommendations

1. Essential Practice for Beginners: Thoroughly practice straight driving, turning, and reversing in open areas, especially mastering the sensation of trailer sway.

2. Pre-Trip Inspection: After each coupling, perform the “T-CLOCS” check:

   T - Tires

   C - Coupling

   L - Lights

   O - Oil (for the towing vehicle)

 C - Controls (Brakes)

  S - Tools

3. Drive cautiously: Allow extended braking distances; avoid sudden acceleration, abrupt stops, or sharp turns.

4. Know your limits: Understand all weight restrictions for your vehicle and trailer; never overload.

Proper preparation, correct operation, and regular maintenance are essential for safely enjoying trailer life.

In summary, the key to safe trailer operation lies in: qualified driving credentials, standardized loading and weight distribution, thorough pre-trip inspections, and cautious driving habits. Only by fully understanding and avoiding these common pitfalls can you ensure the safety of yourself, others, and your property.

ORENO—Your Trusted Trailer Manufacturing Partner

When confronting these complex trailer challenges, selecting a professional and reliable manufacturer is paramount. As an industry leader with two decades of specialized manufacturing experience, ORENO deeply understands the needs and challenges of every user.

We are committed to providing:

High-Standard Safety Design: Controlling trailer quality from the source to ensure robust structure and stable operation.

Customized solutions: Whether you require RV trailers, cargo trailers, or specialty trailers, we tailor each unit to your exact specifications, perfectly matching your towing vehicle and application.

Expert pre-sales consultation: Our team of specialists is ready to address all your questions regarding trailer selection, coupling, loading, and regulations, helping you get it right from the start.

Choosing ORENO means choosing safety, peace of mind, and professionalism.